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尽管植物的病原菌大多数为真菌,但细菌也是引起农业经济损失的主要原因之一。由于缺乏有效的杀菌剂,且细菌产生了耐药性,植物细菌性疾病的爆发通常是难以控制的。目前,噬菌体具有替代传统化学农药的潜力,使用噬菌体防治植物细菌性疾病正处于一个快速发展的阶段,商业化的噬菌体产品已被用于植物疾病的防治。在农业中,限制噬菌体使用的主要因素是环境影响和抗性宿主菌的产生。为降低环境因素对噬菌体的干扰,可使用保护剂、避免阳光直射以及使用无毒或减毒的菌株等方法来解决。同时,可使用噬菌体鸡尾酒(噬菌体混合液)进行细菌抗性管理。在未来,噬菌体治疗会作为植物疾病控制综合管理的一部分,并具有广阔的发展前景。
Although most plant pathogens are fungi, bacteria are also one of the major causes of agricultural economic losses. Due to the lack of an effective bactericide and bacterial resistance, the outbreak of plant bacterial disease is often difficult to control. At present, bacteriophage has the potential to replace traditional chemical pesticides. The use of bacteriophages to control plant bacterial diseases is in a rapidly developing stage. Commercial bacteriophage products have been used to prevent and cure plant diseases. In agriculture, the main factors that limit the use of phages are the environmental impact and the generation of resistant host bacteria. In order to reduce the interference of bacteriophage by environmental factors, we can use protective agent, avoid direct sunlight and use non-toxic or attenuated strains to solve the problem. In the meantime, bacteriophage cocktail (phage cocktail) can be used for bacterial resistance management. In the future, bacteriophage treatment will be used as a part of plant disease control and management, and has broad prospects for development.