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目的了解青岛市纺织企业作业场所职业卫生的现状,探讨其作业环境对从业人员的影响,从而为职业病防治提出预防和控制措施,为有关部门监督管理提供科学依据。方法 2013年1~12月对青岛市35家具有纺织从业资格的企业进行卫生监督现况调查,包括工作场所职业病危险因素检测、防护设施调查和个人防护用品使用情况,对卫生监督检查过程中的现场调查资料及检测数据进行整理和分析。结果调查的35家纺织企业中,2 000人以上大型企业5家,占14.29%;500~2 000人的中型企业22家,占62.86%;500人以下的小型企业8家,占22.86%。对作业场所共设采样点2 700个,合格点数2 350个,总合格率87.04%,其中棉尘合格率72.00%,其他粉尘检测合格率90.00%,噪声检测合格率75.00%,温度检测合格率84.00%,其他有毒化学物检测合格率99.00%。职业病危险因素防护设施的配置情况,个人防护用品的配置及使用情况,企业职业卫生管理情况的调查,大型企业优于中型企业优于小型企业。结论青岛市纺织企业工作场所职业卫生状况基本达标,但还存在不足。
Objective To understand the status quo of occupational health in workplaces of textile enterprises in Qingdao and to explore the impact of work environment on employees so as to put forward prevention and control measures for prevention and control of occupational diseases and provide scientific basis for the supervision and management of relevant departments. Methods From January to December 2013, a survey was conducted on the health supervision status of 35 textile enterprises in Qingdao, including the detection of occupational disease risk factors in the workplace, the investigation of protective facilities and the use of personal protective equipment. In the process of health supervision and inspection Site survey data and test data to organize and analyze. Results Among the 35 textile enterprises surveyed, 5 are large enterprises with over 2 000 persons, accounting for 14.29%; 22 medium-sized enterprises with 500 to 2 000 persons accounting for 62.86%; and 8 small enterprises with 500 or fewer persons accounting for 22.86%. A total of 2 700 sampling points and 2 350 qualified points were selected for the jobsite, with a total pass rate of 87.04%, of which the pass rate of cotton dust was 72.00%, the passing rate of other dust testing was 90.00%, the passing rate of noise test was 75.00% and the passing rate of temperature test 84.00%, other toxic chemicals testing pass rate of 99.00%. Occupational disease risk factors configuration of protective facilities, the configuration and use of personal protective equipment, occupational health management survey, large-scale enterprises outperform medium-sized enterprises better than small-scale enterprises. Conclusion Qingdao occupational health status of textile enterprises basic compliance, but there are still deficiencies.