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目的研究复制型天坛株痘苗病毒(rTV)和非复制型天坛株痘苗病毒(NTV)不同途径感染小鼠后体内代谢和组织分布特点,为两种痘苗病毒载体疫苗的应用和改造提供参考。方法构建携带萤火虫荧光素酶基因的rTV-Fluc和NTV-Fluc病毒,利用活体成像技术对两种病毒感染BALB/c小鼠后的蛋白表达水平和持续时间特点进行比较分析,并对rTV-Fluc多针感染中的抗病毒反应及其在BALB/c小鼠和裸鼠体内的分布和代谢特点进行比较。结果 rTV-Fluc和NTV-Fluc病毒肌内和皮内途径感染BALB/c小鼠后局限分布于接种部位,且rTV-Fluc的表达水平显著性高于NTV-Fluc病毒(P=0.015);rTV-Fluc感染小鼠后诱导较高水平的中和抗体,并显著降低了肌内途径第2针感染后的蛋白表达水平(P<0.05);rTV-Fluc感染裸鼠后分布特点与BALB/c小鼠一致但表达周期明显延长(120d比10d)。结论两株痘苗病毒表现出局限的组织分布、较高的表达水平并诱导较强的免疫反应等特点,为预防性痘苗病毒载体疫苗的应用提供了参考数据。
OBJECTIVE: To study the metabolism and tissue distribution in mice infected with vaccinia virus (rTV) and non-replicating vaccinia virus (NTV), and to provide reference for the application and modification of the two vaccinia virus vaccines. Methods The rTV-Fluc and NTV-Fluc viruses carrying firefly luciferase gene were constructed. The protein expression level and duration of the two viruses infected BALB / c mice were compared using live imaging technology. The rTV-Fluc Antiviral responses in multi-needle infections and their distribution and metabolic characteristics in BALB / c mice and nude mice were compared. Results The infection of rTV-Fluc and NTV-Fluc in BALB / c mice was limited to inoculation site and the expression level of rTV-Fluc was significantly higher than that of NTV-Fluc virus (P = 0.015); rTV -Fluc induced a higher level of neutralizing antibody in mice and significantly reduced the protein expression level after intramuscular injection of the second needle (P <0.05). The distribution characteristics of rTV-Fluc-infected nude mice were similar to that of BALB / c Mice were consistent but the expression period was significantly longer (120d vs 10d). Conclusions The two vaccinia viruses showed limited tissue distribution, high expression level and strong immune response, which provided reference data for the application of prophylactic vaccinia virus vaccine.