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灰铸铁件的抗拉强度,主要是由铸铁的基体组织和石墨析出物的数量大小及形态分布所决定的。而铸件的基体组织和石墨析出物数量大小及形态分布则主要取决于铸件的化学成份(碳当量及合金元素的含量)和铸件的壁厚。过去,国内有关灰铸铁强度与铸件化学成份及壁厚关系的资料不少,然而用公式的形式来定量地表示这一关系的资料虽然在国外早有报导,但在国内至今仍较缺乏。下面,介绍一种直接根据铸件壁厚和化学成份计算铸件抗拉强度的方法。
Tensile strength of gray cast iron is mainly determined by the size and shape distribution of the matrix structure of the cast iron and the graphite precipitates. However, the size and distribution of the matrix structure and graphite precipitates of the castings depend mainly on the chemical composition (carbon equivalent and alloying element content) of the castings and the wall thickness of the castings. In the past, there was a lot of domestic data on the relationship between the strength of gray cast iron and the chemical composition and wall thickness of the castings. However, the quantitative data showing the relationship in the form of formulas, although reported long ago in foreign countries, are still scarce in China. Next, a direct method based on casting wall thickness and chemical composition calculation of tensile strength of the casting method.