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鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma,NPC)是一种多基因遗传性疾病,好发生于我国华南、东南亚及部分非洲地区。近年来随着分子生物学及其技术的迅速发展,人们对鼻咽癌发生、发展及其生物学行为的研究已进入基因水平。microRNA(miRNA)是一类广泛存在于动植物体内的非编码小RNA,主要参与基因转录后水平调控。随着对miRNA研究的深入,发现肿瘤的细胞分化障碍、增殖失控、细胞永生化与miRNA密切相关。人类肿瘤组织与正常细胞组织间的miRNA表达水平和类型存在明显差异,提示miRNA可能是一类新的参与肿瘤发生的重要分子。本文就鼻咽癌与miRNA相关的研究进展作一综述。
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a multi-gene genetic disease that happens in South China, Southeast Asia and some parts of Africa. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and its technology, the research on the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its biological behavior has entered the gene level. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs widely found in animals and plants and are mainly involved in the regulation of post-transcriptional gene transcription. With the deepening of miRNA research, it is found that tumor cell differentiation disorders, uncontrolled proliferation, cell immortalization and miRNA are closely related. The miRNA expression levels and types between human tumor tissues and normal cell tissues are significantly different, suggesting that miRNA may be a new class of important molecules involved in tumorigenesis. This article reviews the research progress of miRNA related to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.