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在以水定电的调度策略下,建立水电站获得单时段最佳发电效益的水头和发电流量协调条件,以此为基础构建一天内梯级水电站发电量最大和发电流量正的偏差平方和最大的多目标短期优化调度模型,并采用仿电磁学算法(electromagnetism-like mechanism,ELM)对其求解。采用自适应步长、空间缩减和变异等策略来改善仿电磁学算法的性能。通过递归策略将蓄水量、水量平衡等约束转化为由发电流量表示的约束条件,以达到降低变量维数及提高算法效率的目的。以一个8级梯级水电站为例进行仿真,结果表明仿电磁学算法可有效求解具有复杂约束的非线性优化问题,也验证了所建模型可通过抬高水电站平均发电净水头及降低发电流量,实现对发电量和发电用水量之间的协调,提高梯级水电站运行的综合经济性。
Under the scheduling strategy of hydropower, the coordination between the head and the generation flow of the hydropower station to obtain the optimal power generation efficiency in a single time period is established. Based on this, the maximum sum of the squared deviation of the generation of the maximum and the positive generation flow of the hydropower station within one day Target short-term optimal scheduling model and solve it by using electromagnetism-like mechanism (ELM). Adopting strategies such as adaptive step, space reduction and mutation to improve the performance of IMCA. By recursion strategy, the constraints of water storage and water balance are transformed into the constraints expressed by the generation flow, so as to reduce the dimension of variables and improve the efficiency of the algorithm. The simulation results show that the simulated electromagnetism algorithm can effectively solve the nonlinear optimization problem with complex constraints, and also verify that the model can be built by raising the average generating head of the hydropower station and reducing the power generation flow, Achieve the coordination between generating capacity and generating water consumption and improve the comprehensive economy of cascade hydropower stations.