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染色体突变通常叫做染色体畸变。可以分为两大类:一是染色体数目的改变,二是染色体结构的改变。这一般并不涉及到基因结构的改变,而且经常可以在显微镜下观察到。基因突变是化学变化,在显微镜下看不到。一、染色体数目的变化 1.染色体组的变化,例如单倍体、二倍体、多倍体等。 2.个别染色体的变化,例如二倍加一(2n+1)、二倍减一(2n—1)等。下面举几例说明染色体数目的变化,但不要求全面。
Chromosomal mutations are often called chromosomal aberrations. Can be divided into two categories: First, the change in the number of chromosomes, the second is the change in chromosome structure. This generally does not involve changes in gene structure, and often can be observed under a microscope. Genetic mutations are chemical changes that can not be seen under the microscope. A change in the number of chromosomes 1. Chromosome group changes, such as haploid, diploid, polyploid and so on. 2. Individual chromosome changes, such as double plus one (2n +1), double minus one (2n-1) and so on. Here are a few examples of changes in the number of chromosomes, but not comprehensive.