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目的根据湘潭市2014年-2015年流感流行毒株型别分布情况进行监测分析,为制定流感防控策略提供参考依据。方法对流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例(ILI)咽拭子,采用实时荧光PCR法进行A/B型流感病毒核酸检测;对A型流感病毒核酸阳性样本进行新甲H1、季节性H1、H3、H5、H7、H9亚型分型。结果 2014年-2015年湘潭市流感网络实验室共检测ILI样本4 239份,检测出流感病毒核酸阳性样本926份,总阳性率为21.84%,其中H3亚型占67.06%、新甲H1亚型占11.66%、B型占21.27%。2014年-2015年流感优势流行株为H3亚型,同时混合新甲H1、B型流行。男、女之间阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.061,P>0.05)。不同年龄组流感核酸阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=160.974,P<0.01),以5岁~组最高,为39.49%;15岁~组次之,为29.78%。结论 2014年-2015年湘潭流感流行以季节性H3亚型为优势流行株、同时混合新甲型H1和B型流行;高发人群主要是学龄儿童,青少年学生。
Objective To monitor and analyze the type distribution of influenza strains in Xiangtan City from 2014 to 2015 and provide a reference for the development of influenza prevention and control strategies. Methods Influenza A / B influenza virus nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescent PCR in influenza-like cases (ILI) collected from sentinel hospitals. Influenza A , H3, H5, H7, H9 subtype. Results A total of 4 239 ILI samples were detected in the influenza network laboratory in Xiangtan City during 2014-2015. A total of 926 influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples were detected, with a total positive rate of 21.84%, of which, H3 subtype accounted for 67.06% Accounting for 11.66%, type B accounted for 21.27%. 2014-2015 Influenza prevalent strains of H3 subtype, while mixing the new A, H1N1 influenza B epidemic. There was no significant difference in the positive rate between male and female (χ ~ 2 = 0.061, P> 0.05). The positive rates of influenza nucleic acid in different age groups were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 160.974, P <0.01), with the highest in the group of 5 years old and 39.49%, followed by the age of 15 and 29.78%. Conclusions From 2014 to 2015, the epidemic of seasonal influenza H3 subtype was the predominant epidemic strain in Xiangtan City, while the combination of new H1N1 and type B viruses was endemic. The high prevalence population was mainly school-age children and adolescents.