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从理论上说,尽管个人素质的差异有着重要的制约作用,但人们心态与行为主要是由社会环境结构决定的。而对于国有企业职工而言,就业制度是制约其就业心态与行为的基本环境要素,因为就业制度是工薪获取者,凭借其对劳动能力的拥有参与社会交换行为,借以取得职工身份的客观基础。在这个意义上讲,现阶段国有企业经济效率低下以及导致这一问题的深刻根源之一是职工就业心态和行为的失衡和偏差,显然与就业制度的设定有着密切的关系。所以,向市场经济体制过渡,加快变革传统的就业制度,是改善职工心态与行为,提高国有企业组织效率的前提。
In theory, although differences in personal qualities have important constraints, people’s attitudes and behavior are mainly determined by the social structure of the environment. As for state-owned workers, the employment system is the basic environmental factor that restricts their employment mentality and behavior. Employment system is the wage earner, and by virtue of its ability to participate in the social exchange of ownership, in order to obtain the objective basis of employee identity. In this sense, one of the profound reasons for the low economic efficiency of state-owned enterprises and the underlying causes of this problem at the present stage is the imbalance and deviation of employees’ attitude and behavior in employment. Obviously, they are closely related to the setting of the employment system. Therefore, the transition to a market economy system and accelerating the transformation of the traditional employment system are the preconditions for improving the staff mentality and behavior and for improving the organizational efficiency of state-owned enterprises.