肾胚细胞瘤(Nephroblastoma)亦称肾胚胎性癌肉瘤或威尔姆氏瘤(Wilms’ tumor),是儿童期最多见的泌尿系恶性肿瘤,约占15岁以下泌尿生殖系恶性肿瘤的80％。近年来,一些国家的或国际性的专门组织对该病进行了有计划的研究,在病因学、病理学、预后的判断及治疗方案上有不少新的认识。发病率根据英国Menchester儿童肿瘤登记处的统计,年发病率为0.5/10万儿童;美国儿童 Nephroblastoma, also known as renal embryonal carcinoid sarcoma or Wilms’ tumor, is the most common urological malignancy in childhood, accounting for about 80% of all genitourinary malignancies under 15 years of age. . In recent years, a number of national or international specialized organizations conducted a planned study of the disease and found many new understandings in etiology, pathology, prognosis judgment and treatment programs. Incidence According to the British Menchester Children’s Tumor Registry, the annual incidence is 0.5 / 100,000 children; American children