我于1950年春从美国回到祖国参加社会主义建设。1955年,我国决定发展原子能事业。我有幸从那时起就参加了这一事业,虽然40多年来工作岗位几经变动,但仍一直在核技术领域学习和工作。记者约我回顾这段不平常的经历,我在这里就我国发展自己的核武器技术早期艰难历程中的部分情况作些回忆与介绍。自力更生打破核垄断1955年中国创建核工业、研制核武器,方针是“自力更生为主,争取外援为辅”。外援来自苏联,包括实验设备、核工业设施的建设和科技人员的培训等,原子能研究所的研究性重水反应堆和回旋加速器两座实验设备就是按照协议由苏联援助建造的。然而,时间不长, In the spring of 1950, I returned to my motherland from the United States to participate in the socialist construction. In 1955, our country decided to develop atomic energy. I have had the privilege of participating in this undertaking since then, and although I have been changing jobs for over 40 years, I have been studying and working in nuclear technology. The reporter asked me to review this unusual experience. Here I will recall and introduce some of the circumstances in the difficult initial stage of our country’s development of its own nuclear weapons technology. Self-reliance to break the nuclear monopoly In 1955, China created a nuclear industry and developed nuclear weapons. The principle is “self-reliance, supplemented by foreign aid.” Foreign aid came from the Soviet Union, including experimental facilities, construction of nuclear industry facilities and training of scientists and technicians. The two experimental facilities of the Atomic Energy Research Institute for heavy water reactors and cyclotrons were built by the Soviet Union under the agreement. However, time is not long,