A conception of the single-neutron microbeam facility was put forward in this paper. The specific particle (e.g. H+, 2d+ or a ) bombarding a specific target can generate neutron, when the particle energy is more than a threshold (e.g., H+ energy is more than 2 MeV). And if the specific beam spot on the target is very small, the neutron beam along the direction of the specific beam spot will be very small too. If the neutron beam is weak and a neutron detector is mounted after the specific neutron collimator, the single- neutron will be obtained. Therefore, if the specific target and the neutron detector are installed after the proton accelerator and the microbeam system, the single-neutron microbeam will probably be obtained. A conception of the single-neutron microbeam facility was put forward in this paper. The specific particle (eg H +, 2d + or a) bombarding a specific target can generate neutron, when the particle energy is more than a threshold (eg, H + energy is more than 2 MeV). And if the specific beam spot on the target is very small, the neutron beam along the direction of the specific beam spot will be very small too. If the neutron beam is weak and a neutron detector is mounted after the Therefore, if the specific target and the neutron detector are installed after the proton accelerator and the microbeam system, the single-neutron microbeam will probably be obtained.