迄今为止,我国城市经济体制改革围绕搞活全民所有制大中型企业、确立国有企业的商品生产经营者地位这一中心,在微观、市场、宏观三个层面上进行的一系列探索性工作,基本上是依靠放权让利、界定国家与经营者的权利关系、强化经营者的权力、利益和责任等推进的。这些改革措施取得了举世公认的成绩。但是,这并不是说搞活大中型国有企业的工作已基本完结。实际上,国有企业行为仍存在诸多缺陷,企业经济效益不高,这与搞活国有企业,使企业活而不乱、活而有序的目标相距甚远。企业行为是由企业经济活动主体的责权利关系决定的。改善企业行为,提高企业经济效益,最根本的出路在于建立起国有企业主体的责权利制衡机制。 So far, the series of exploratory work on the microscopic, market, and macro levels in the reform of China’s urban economic system centered on enlarging the ownership of large and medium-sized enterprises owned by the whole nation and establishing the status of the state’s commodity producers and operators has basically been Relying on decentralization of rights and interests, defining the relationship between the rights of the country and the operator, and strengthening the power, interests and responsibilities of the operators, etc. These reform measures have achieved universally recognized achievements. However, this does not mean that the work of invigorating large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises has basically completed. In fact, there are still many defects in the behavior of state-owned enterprises, and the economic efficiency of enterprises is not high. This is a far cry from the goal of invigorating state-owned enterprises and making them alive and unorganized, alive and orderly. Corporate behavior is determined by the relationship between the responsibility of the economic activities of the enterprise. To improve corporate behavior and improve the economic efficiency of enterprises, the most fundamental way out is to establish the mechanism for checking and balancing responsibilities, rights and interests of state-owned enterprises.