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曹操和司马昭都是三国时期的政治家、军事家,都为中国的统一做出了重要贡献,也都为自己的儿子禅代前朝奠定了基础。但是毛泽东对他们的评价却有天壤之别。毛泽东称赞曹操是一个了不起的政治家、军事家、诗人,却认为司马昭是一个篡位者、阴谋家。造成毛泽东对曹操、司马昭天壤评价的原因有五个:一是曹操所处的环境比司马昭恶劣,但在统一方面取得的成效却比司马昭大;二是司马昭的才能尤其是文学才能不如曹操;三是曹操比较关注普通百姓的利益,司马昭比较关注士族的利益;四是深受鲁迅称赞曹操、贬损司马昭的影响;五是毛泽东对两人的关注度和研究深入度不同。
Both Cao Cao and Sima Zhao, both statesmen and military strategists in the Three Kingdoms period, made important contributions to the reunification of China and laid the foundation for their son’s meditation on the pre-Qin era. However, Mao Tse-tung’s assessment of them is far from complete. Mao Zedong praised Cao Cao as a remarkable politician, military strategist and poet, but considered Sima Zhao as a usurper and conspirator. There are five reasons that led Mao Zedong to evaluate Cao Cao and Si Ma Zhao in Tianchi. First, Cao Cao’s environment was worse than that of Sima Zhao, but his achievements in reunification were greater than those of Sima Zhao. Second, Sima Zhao’s talent, especially his literary talent Third, Cao Cao is more concerned about the interests of ordinary people, Sima Zhao relatively concerned about the interests of the people; Fourth, by Lu Xun praise Cao Cao, derogatory Sima Zhao’s influence; Fifth, Mao Zedong’s attention and research depth of the two different degrees.