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本研究的目的是分析人类血小板抗原(humanplateletantigen,HPA)基因多态性,根据分布频率来判断HPA抗原不配合比率以及抗体产生的机会,确定有临床意义的血小板抗原系统,并建立邯郸地区血小板基因频率数据库和供者库。采用SSPPCR方法对邯郸地区148名随机献血者进行HPA116抗原32个等位基因的检测分析,并与不同人群的分布频率进行比较。结果表明:每个样本均检测到HPA1a、2a、4a14a、16a基因;HPA4a、7a14a、16a呈现单态性,未检测出相应的等位基因HPAb;对于HPA1、2、5、6主要以a/a纯合子为多,a/a基因型频率分别是0.9595、0.8108、0.9865、0.9797,没有b/b纯合子出现。在HPA116中,具有最高杂合度的是HPA15,基因型HPA15a/15a、HPA15a/15b、HPA15b/15b频率分别是0.2230、0.5270、0.2500;HPA3在其次,基因型HPA3a/3a、HPA3a/3b、HPA3b/3b频率分别是0.3851、0.5135、0.1014。经χ2检验,结果符合HardyWeinberg遗传平衡定律。邯郸地区随机献血者HPA15系统基因频率与石家庄地区相似(P>0.05);与我国台湾人群进行HPA113、HPA15的比较,HPA1、2、6具有明显的不同(P<0.05),其它相似(P>0.05);与韩国人群进行HPA18的比较,除HPA3具有明显不同外(P<0.05),其余均相似(P>0.05);与美国黑人进行HPA15的比较,HPA1、2、5具有明显的差异(P<0.05);与英国人进行HPA111的比较,HPA1、5具有明显的不同(P<0.05)。结论:北方地区中国人群HPA2、3、5、15系统具有多态性,且HPA抗原分布不配合比率较高,这必然造成免疫暴露的机会增加,提示在临床上可能具有重要的免疫学意义。同时,在此次研究数据的基础上建立了邯郸地区血小板基因频率数据库和血小板已知型供者库。
The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic polymorphisms of human platelet antigen (HPA), determine the HPA non-binding ratio and the chance of antibody production according to the frequency of distribution, and to identify the clinical platelet antigen system and to establish Handan platelet gene Frequency database and donor library. Using SSPPCR method, 148 random blood donors in Handan area were tested for the 32 alleles of HPA116 antigen and compared with the distribution frequency of different populations. The results showed that: HPA1a, 2a, 4a14a and 16a genes were detected in each sample; HPA4a, 7a14a and 16a showed monomorphism and the corresponding allele HPAb was not detected; for HPA1, 2, 5 and 6, a homozygote, a / a genotype frequencies were 0.9595,0.8108,0.9865,0.9797, no b / b homozygotes. In HPA116, the highest heterozygosity was HPA15. The frequencies of genotypes HPA15a / 15a, HPA15a / 15b and HPA15b / 15b were 0.2230, 0.5270 and 0.2500, respectively. HPA3 was followed by genotypes HPA3a / 3a, HPA3a / 3b and HPA3b / 3b frequency is 0.3851,0.5135,0.1014. After χ2 test, the results accord with HardyWeinberg’s law of genetic equilibrium. The frequency of HPA15 gene in random blood donors in Handan area was similar to that in Shijiazhuang (P> 0.05). Compared with HPA113 and HPA15 in Taiwan, there was a significant difference (P <0.05) between HPA1,2,6 and other similarities (P> 0.05). HPA1, 2, 5 were significantly different from those of the South African population (P <0.05) except HPA3 (P <0.05), while the others were similar (P> 0.05) P <0.05). HPA1,5 was significantly different from HPA111 in British (P <0.05). Conclusion: Northern China HPA2, 3, 5, 15 system has polymorphism, and HPA antigen distribution is not high with a high proportion, which inevitably lead to increased risk of immune exposure, suggesting that clinically may have important immunological significance. At the same time, based on the data of this study, Handan platelet gene frequency database and platelet known donor database were established.