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“理想政治”从根本上而言属于人类社会试图描绘自身存在方式的最佳前景,是对未来社会的一种提前设计,也是对改造弊病丛生的经验世界的强烈诉求。作为儒家心目中的理想社会图景,首先是一个充溢着道德感的世界。他们认为理想的政治应是纯粹道德的政治,而纯粹道德的政治不仅是可能的,还在实践性建构中能对社会发挥决定性作用,从而将政治的最高价值与现实伦理制度、微观情景贯通起来,促成政治的价值世界与事实世界的统一。早期儒家思想的以上特质到了宋代理学那里,又表现为自然秩序与道德伦理的关系问题而进一步得到阐发,以二程为代表的理学家除了继承他们前辈有关黄金时代的构想外,更多地注意到主体伦理精神在实现理想政治中的作用,因此成为我们研究二程政治哲学的一个不可忽视的重要内容。
“Ideal politics” is fundamentally the best prospect for human society to attempt to depict its own existence, an advance design for the future society, and a strong demand for an inexperienced world of transformation of defects. As an ideal social picture in the minds of Confucianism, above all, a world filled with moral feeling. They think that ideal politics should be purely moral politics, while pure moral politics is not only possible, but also can play a decisive role in society in practical construction so as to link up the highest value of politics with the real ethics and micro-scenarios , Contributing to the political value of the world and the real world. The above traits of early Confucianism went to Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty and were further elucidated as the relationship between the natural order and moral ethics. The Neo-Confucianism, represented by Er Cheng, pays more attention to their predecessors’ conceptions of the golden age To the role of the main body of ethical spirit in the realization of the ideal politics, it has become an important part of our study of the two-way political philosophy.