平等理论本身是一个存有瑕疵并自含悖论的理论。迄今为止,我们不得不承认平等理论已经成为一个面临困境的理论,一个带有乌托邦色彩的理想理论。但是作为一种衡量正义的标准它又是我们人类孜孜以求的、无法回避的并且亟待解决的重大问题。自法国《人权宣言》提出“自由、平等、博爱”以降,法国学者皮埃尔·勒鲁早在19世纪初期即已宣称:“我们处于两个世界之间:处于一 Equality theory itself is a flawed and self-contained theory. So far, we have to admit that the theory of equality has become a dilemma-faced theory, an ideal theory with utopianism. However, as a measure of justice, it is another major issue that our human beings aspire to and which we can not avoid and urgently need to solve. Since the French Declaration of Human Rights proposed that ”freedom, equality and fraternity“ should be reduced, the French scholar Pierre Lerou declared early in the early 19th century: ”We are between two worlds: at one