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为最大限度地利用恩施黑石板地区的铁矿资源,先通过XRD、扫描电镜、金相显微镜等手段研究了它的矿相组成和结构,得知其主要成分是赤铁矿和石英,矿的显微结构以鲕粒群簇为主,鲕粒中赤铁矿与磷灰石呈环带状分布。矿相结构决定了用一般的选矿方法分离铁、磷非常困难,为此用实验室煤基直接还原法研究了还原温度、还原时间、煤种、添加剂、磁选工艺等对精矿中铁品位和铁回收率的影响规律,得到了提高还原率的合理工艺参数:以哈密煤为还原剂,焙烧还原温度1 573K,还原时间40min,一段磨矿时间15min,磁场强度280kA/m。采用此工艺可使精矿产率、铁品位、铁回收率分别达到43.21%、95.77%和92.18%,磷品位由0.76%降至0.097%。该研究为该地区高磷鲕状赤铁矿工业化的开发利用提供了依据。
In order to make full use of the iron ore resources in Enshi black slate area, the composition and structure of its mineral facies were studied by means of XRD, SEM and metallographic microscope. The main constituents were hematite and quartz, The microstructure is dominated by oolitic clusters, and the hematite and apatite in ooids are distributed in a ring-like pattern. It is very difficult to separate iron and phosphorus by the general mineral separation method because of the structure of the mineralogical phase. Therefore, the direct reduction method of coal-based laboratory was used to study the effect of reducing temperature, reduction time, coal type, additives and magnetic separation technology on the iron grade and Iron recovery rate of the law, get a reasonable process parameters to improve the reduction rate: Hami coal as a reducing agent, baking temperature reduction 5737K, reduction time 40min, a grinding time 15min, magnetic field strength 280kA / m. With this process, the concentrate yield, iron grade and iron recovery rate reached 43.21%, 95.77% and 92.18% respectively, and the phosphorus grade decreased from 0.76% to 0.097%. The study provided the basis for the industrial development and utilization of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite in this area.