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研究了小桐子(Jatropha curcas)9个种群的叶氮分配、光合能力、生物量积累及分配、种子产量等一系列生理及形态特征。结果表明:小桐子叶片的最大光合速率与叶氮在光合机构中的分配系数有显著的正相关关系;小桐子的最终生物量受光合能力和形态特征的共同影响;生物量与种子产量之间没有必然的联系。多数参数在小桐子不同种群之间存在显著差异,表明种群之间存在遗传差异,但对生长环境的适应性不是小桐子种群产生遗传差异的主要原因。与其他8个种群相比,瑞丽种群的各项生理指标、生物量及种子产量均处于较优水平,在今后小桐子的大面积推广及杂交育种时可优先考虑该种源,但对于其适生范围及抗逆能力需要进一步研究。
A series of physiological and morphological characteristics of nine populations of Jatropha curcas were studied, including leaf nitrogen allocation, photosynthetic capacity, biomass accumulation and distribution, seed yield and so on. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the maximum photosynthetic rate of Jatropha curcas and the distribution coefficient of leaf nitrogen in photosynthetic apparatus. The final biomass of Jatropha curcas was affected by photosynthetic capacity and morphological characteristics. Between the biomass and seed yield There is no necessary connection. Most of the parameters showed significant differences among different populations of Jatropha, indicating that there were genetic differences among the populations, but the adaptability to the growth environment was not the main reason for the genetic differences among Jatropha curcas populations. Compared with the other 8 populations, all the physiological indexes, biomass and seed yield of Ruili population are at an optimal level. In the future, Jatropha curcas can give priority to this provenance in large-scale popularization and cross breeding. However, Health range and resilience require further study.