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目的了解湘西自治州人群甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况和免疫水平,分析流感流行趋势,为制定针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2010年1月4月8月共选取675人进行问卷调查,并采集血液标本进行甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝抗体检测。结果在不同季节,不同职业人群中H1抗体阳性率不同(P﹤0.05),同时在出现过急性呼吸道症以及接种过甲型H1N1流感疫苗的人群中H1抗体阳性率相对较高(P﹤0.05)。H1抗体GMT呈现季节性变化(P﹤0.05),在不同年龄,不同职业人群中抗体水平大小差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01)。调查还发现发现出现过急性呼吸道症人群中抗体GMT和中位数高于未出现呼吸道症状者(P﹤0.001);接种过甲型H1N1流感疫苗者抗体GMT和中位数也同样高于未接种者(P﹤0.001)。在不同性别和民族人群中,抗体的阳性率和水平大小无统计学差异。结论目前湘西地区甲型H1N1流感已经得到有效控制,但鉴于人群中保护性抗体水平季节性变化,下一阶段重点是定期开展快速的血清学监测,并且继续对高危人群实施甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种。
Objective To understand the status and immunization status of Influenza A (H1N1) virus in the population of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and to analyze the trend of influenza epidemic, so as to provide basis for making targeted prevention and control measures. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling method was used. A total of 675 people were selected from January to April 2010 in August 2010 for questionnaire survey. Blood samples were collected for the detection of influenza A (H1N1) hemagglutination antibody. Results The positive rate of H1 antibody in different occupational groups was different in different seasons (P <0.05), and the positive rate of H1 antibody was relatively higher in those with acute respiratory syndrome and those vaccinated with influenza A (H1N1) . H1 antibody GMT showed seasonal changes (P <0.05), at different ages and different occupational groups antibody levels were significantly different (P <0.05, P <0.01). The survey also found that patients with acute respiratory syndrome found that the antibody GMT and median were higher than those without respiratory symptoms (P <0.001). The GMT and median of antibodies against influenza A (H1N1) vaccination were also higher than those without vaccination (P <0.001). In different gender and ethnic groups, antibody positive rate and the level of size was not statistically different. Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) influenza has been effectively controlled in western Hunan Province. However, given the seasonal changes of protective antibodies in the population, the next phase focuses on rapid serological surveillance, and continues to implement high-risk H1N1 influenza vaccination .