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血清酶测定诊断肝病已有数十年历史,但由于多数酶同时来源于肝外组织和脏器,即使仅来源于肝内,也存在于不同的亚细胞结构内,以致单测定这些酶的总活力,对肝病的特异性和敏感性往往不高。血清中很多酶都是由各种同功酶组成。采用不同的理化方法可将这些同功酶进行分离鉴定,以判断血清中升高的酶的来源。现将已应用于肝病的同功酶作一综述。谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶同功酶谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)的同功酶有两种:一种分布于细胞浆上清液(S),一种位于线粒体中(M)。在肝细胞内,线粒体中主要含有GOTm,而GPTm的含量甚少。
Serum enzyme assays have decades of history in the diagnosis of liver disease, but since most enzymes are derived from extrahepatic tissues and organs at the same time, they are present in different subcellular structures, Vitality, specificity and sensitivity to liver disease are often not high. Many enzymes in serum consist of various isozymes. These isozymes can be separated and identified using different physicochemical methods to determine the source of elevated enzymes in the serum. Is now applied to liver disease isozyme for a review. There are two isozymes of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase isozyme, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT): one is located in the cytoplasm supernatant (S), one in the mitochondria (M) . Within hepatocytes, mitochondria contain predominantly GOTm, while GPTm is minimal in content.