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目的:用脂肪乳剂建立高脂血症骨丢失大鼠模型,通过骨形态计量学观察淫羊藿对大鼠胫骨和腰椎骨丢失的防治作用。方法:选取3月龄SD大鼠30只,随机分为正常对照组(NS)、高脂乳剂组(HFE)、淫羊藿水提液组(WE),每组10只。给药20周后处死大鼠,分离血清测胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c),并取胫骨上段、胫骨中段和第五腰椎,进行骨组织形态计量学参数检测。结果:淫羊藿可使高脂大鼠TC水平下降和HDL-c升高(P<0.01),淫羊藿组的骨小梁面积百分数、骨小梁数量、成骨细胞贴壁长度百分率均增加(P<0.01),而骨小梁分离度、每毫米破骨细胞数、破骨细胞贴壁长度百分率均减少(P<0.01),反映骨形成及骨矿化的指标变化不明显;胫骨中段的皮质骨面积百分数增加(P<0.01),骨髓腔面积百分数减少(P<0.01),骨内外膜的形成和矿化均无明显变化;腰椎松质骨的骨小梁面积百分数、骨小梁数量增加(P<0.05)、而骨小梁分离度减少(P<0.01)。结论:长期高脂乳剂灌胃会导致大鼠骨量丢失,淫羊藿能有效对抗高脂大鼠胫骨上段、中段骨、第五腰椎的骨丢失。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of hyperlipidemia bone loss by using fat emulsion and to observe the preventive and therapeutic effects of Epimedium on the loss of tibia and lumbar vertebrae in rats by bone histomorphometry. Methods: Thirty male SD rats aged 3 months were randomly divided into normal control group (NS), high fat emulsion group (HFE) and epimedium pubescens extract group (WE), with 10 rats in each group. After 20 weeks of administration, the rats were sacrificed and the serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were separated and the upper tibia, middle tibia and the fifth lumbar vertebra were harvested for bone tissue Morphometry parameters detection. Results: Epimedium could decrease TC and increase HDL-c in hyperlipidemic rats (P <0.01). The percentage of trabecular area, the number of trabecular and the percentage of adherent length of osteoblasts in Epimedium (P <0.01), while the trabecular separation, the number of osteoclasts per millimeter, and the percentage of osteoclast adherent length decreased (P <0.01), and there was no significant change in the indexes of bone formation and bone mineralization. The percentage of cortical bone area in the middle segment increased (P <0.01), and the percentage of marrow cavity area decreased (P <0.01). There was no significant change in the formation and mineralization of the bone and adventitia. The percentage of trabecular bone area The number of beams increased (P <0.05), while trabecular separation decreased (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Long-term high-fat emulsion intragastric administration can lead to the loss of bone mass in rats. Epimedium can effectively prevent bone loss in the upper tibia, middle bone and the fifth lumbar vertebra of high-fat rats.