With its 78 million chronic carriers,hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still one of the leading public health challenges in China.Over the last two decades,China has made great progress on the prevention of HBV transmission through national vaccination programs.Zero transmission from mother to infant has been proposed as the current goal.Available anti-HBV therapy is efficacious in suppressing HBV replication;however,it fails to completely cure patients with chronic hepatitis B and even requires lifelong treatment.To reduce the costs and improve the efficacy,several trials have been recently conducted in China to optimize the current anti-HBV managements.Novel biomarkers were identified to predict treatment outcomes,and new promising treatment strategies were developed.Reports also indicate that coinfections of HBV with other hepatotropic viruses and human immunodeficiency virus are common in China and cause severe liver diseases,which should be recognized early and treated properly.Work is still needed to eliminate hepatitis B in China by 2030.