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本文调查了婴幼儿奶粉和米粉中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染状况,并且检测其耐药基因和新型肠毒素基因。采集陕西省2010年和2012年间不同品牌的婴幼儿奶粉和米粉692份,进行金黄色葡萄球菌污染检验,采用PCR对分离菌株进行31种耐药基因和9种新型肠毒素基因的检测。692份样品中金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率为7.80%,其中2010年所采样品的检出率为8.17%,2012年所采样品的检出率为7.38%。分离的75株菌最终检测出12种耐药基因和2种新型肠毒素基因,检出率最高的耐药基因是tet K(72.00%),其次是bla Z(36.00%),erm C(29.33%),tet(K)F(21.33%),lin A/lin A’(12.00%),dfr G(8.00%),tet L(6.67%)和acc(6’)(5.33%),最少的为erm B,msr A、msr B和drf K(均为1.33%)。新型肠毒素基因仅检测出sen(44.00%)和ser(4.00%)。不同采样年份、生产季节和货架期的样品中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染率不存在显著差异。并且这些菌株主要携带四环素、青霉素和大环内酯类抗生素的耐药基因,以及新型毒素基因sen。
This article investigated the status of infant and child milk powder and the contamination of Staphylococcus aureus in rice flour, and tested its resistance gene and a novel enterotoxin gene. A total of 692 infant formula and rice flour from different brands in Shaanxi province between 2010 and 2012 were collected for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus contamination. 31 kinds of drug resistance genes and 9 novel enterotoxin genes were detected by PCR. The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus in 692 samples was 7.80%. The detection rate of the samples taken in 2010 was 8.17% and the detection rate of the samples taken in 2012 was 7.38%. The isolated 75 strains of bacteria finally detected 12 kinds of drug resistance genes and 2 kinds of novel enterotoxin genes. The highest detection rate was tet K (72.00%), followed by bla Z (36.00%), erm C (29.33 (21.33%), lin A / lin A ’(12.00%), dfr G (8.00%), tet L (6.67%) and acc (6’) (5.33%) with the least Erm B, msr A, msr B and drf K (both 1.33%). The novel enterotoxin gene detected only sen (44.00%) and ser (4.00%). There was no significant difference in the contamination rates of Staphylococcus aureus in samples of different sampling years, production season and shelf life. And these strains mainly carry tetracycline, penicillin and macrolide antibiotic resistance genes, and the new toxin gene sen.