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结直肠癌中DNA甲基化异常已经被广泛地研究,特别是基因如APC的甲基化状态改变为结直肠腺瘤-癌的发展步骤之一已被广泛认同。回顾和总结国内外对结直肠癌相关基因甲基化异常改变的研究及其进展发现,结直肠癌中除有基因突变外,同时都存在启动子CpG岛的异常甲基化。现对CDKN2/p16、MGMT、p53、Maspin等基因甲基化与结直肠癌的关系及其在早期临床诊断中的应用进行综述。
DNA methylation abnormalities in colorectal cancer have been extensively studied. In particular, one of the developmental steps in the progression of methylation of genes such as APC to colorectal adenomas is widespread. Review and summarize the research on the abnormal methylation of colorectal cancer-related genes both at home and abroad and its progress. In addition to gene mutations in colorectal cancer, abnormal methylation of promoter CpG island exists at the same time. Now the relationship between methylation of CDKN2 / p16, MGMT, p53, Maspin and colorectal cancer and its application in early clinical diagnosis are reviewed.