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根据国内现有资料统计,目前已发现的麦角菌有Claviceps purpurea(Er.)Tul.,C.microcephala(Wall.)Tul.,C.paspali Stev.er Hall.,C.miscanthi Saw.以及C.syntherismae Saw.等5个种;已发现的寄主植物有35属70种,分别属于禾本科及莎草科。总计禾本科植物内共有麦角菌寄主植物34属69种;莎草科仅有1属1种为Carex subpediformis(Kuk)Suto et Suzuki。无论是在东北或是华北地区,寄生在拂子茅或披碱草上的麦角,其含碱量都是比较高的,两者的含碱量分别为0.405—0.56％及0.30—0.33％,相反地,寄生在黑麦上的麦角含碱量一致是低的,其麦角含碱量仅达0.06—0.065％。影响麦角碱含量高低的主要原因是麦角菌不同生态类型产碱能力的差异;寄主植物也有一定影响。历来麦角菌Claviceps purpurea及C.microcephala的分类标准,都是以子座头大小来区别的。但根据我们的观察,子座头的大小,并不是固定不变的特征。因此,以子座大小作为麦角菌分类的标准并不完全可靠。
According to domestic statistics, the currently found ergots are Claviceps purpurea (Er.) Tul., C. microcephala (Wall.) Tul., C. paspali Stev.er Hall., C. misscanthi Saw., and C. Syntherismae Saw. 5 species; host plants have been found in 35 genera and 70 species, belonging to Gramineae and Cyperaceae. In total, there are 69 species belonging to 34 genera of the ergot fungus host family in the grass family; only 1 genera and 1 species in the sedge family are Carex subpediformis (Kuk) Suto et Suzuki. No matter whether it is in the northeast or north China, ergots that are parasitic on the sedges of Eriobotrya or Elymus are relatively high in alkali content. The alkali content of the two are 0.405-0.56% and 0.30-0.33%, respectively. On the contrary, the alkali content of ergots parasitized on rye is consistently low, and its ergot alkali content is only 0.06-0.065%. The main reason affecting the content of ergot alkaloids is the difference in alkaloid production ability of different ecological types of ergot fungus; host plants also have a certain influence. The classification criteria of Lactobacillus claviceps purpurea and C.microcephala have always been distinguished by their size. However, according to our observation, the size of the sub-head is not a fixed feature. Therefore, the size of the sub-bases as the criteria for the classification of ergot bacteria is not completely reliable.