1994年6月,根据卫生部妇幼卫生综合项目调查方案,对德令哈市1993年出生的117名婴幼儿死亡原因进行了调查分析。结果表明,婴儿死亡率为59.43‰,5岁以下儿童死亡率为64.96‰。死亡原因构成,肺炎39例,占33.33％,早产17例,占14.52％,新生儿窒息16例,占13.68％,腹泻15例,占12.82％,传染病7例,占5.98％,产伤7例,占5.98％,先天异常6例,占5.13％,意外死亡5例,占4.27％,新生儿硬肿症3例,占2.56％,原因不明2例,占1.7％。 上述117名死亡婴幼儿童以肺炎、早产、新生儿窒息、腹泻死亡率较高。引起肺炎的主要原因为上呼吸道感染没有及时控制而继发肺炎以及新生儿吸入性肺炎等。早产多由母体某些干扰因素引起,如孕后期急性传染病、外伤、过劳、精神过度紧张、母子血型不合、产前出血、妊娠毒血症等,另外高原缺氧引起妊高征胎盘病变,母胎间交换功能减退影响胎儿的 In June 1994, according to the survey program of the MCH comprehensive project of the Ministry of Health, the causes of death of 117 infants and young children born in Delingha in 1993 were investigated. The results showed that the infant mortality rate was 59.43 ‰ and the mortality rate for children under 5 was 64.96 ‰. The cause of death was pneumonia in 39 cases (33.33%), premature birth in 17 cases (14.52%), neonatal asphyxia in 16 cases (13.68%), diarrhea in 15 cases (12.82%), infectious disease in 7 cases (5.98% Cases, accounting for 5.98%, 6 cases of congenital anomalies, accounting for 5.13%, 5 cases of accidental death, accounting for 4.27%, 3 cases of neonatal sclerema, accounting for 2.56%, unexplained 2 cases, accounting for 1.7%. The above-mentioned 117 infants and young children died of pneumonia, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, diarrhea higher mortality. The main cause of pneumonia caused by upper respiratory tract infection without timely control of secondary pneumonia and neonatal aspiration pneumonia. Premature delivery is mainly caused by some maternal disturbances, such as acute infectious diseases, trauma, overwork, over-stress, maternal and child blood group incompatibility, prenatal bleeding and pregnancy toxemia, etc. In addition, plateau hypoxia causes pregnancy induced hypertension placenta , Maternal and fetal exchange function decline affect the fetus