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北京大学西门纪业于1957年首先提出了电磁复合聚焦阴极透镜的象差理论(见物理学报13,4,1957,339)。1964年苏联学者对此理论提出了不同意见(见Pa-9,5,1964,844)。本文对电磁复合聚焦阴极透镜的象差理论进行了评述与研究,着重分析了西门纪业和的两篇代表性文章,详细推导了两文的方程和象差系数。研究表明,虽然两文象差方程中的F以及象差系数表达式在形式上差异很大,但实际上是完全一致的,是可以互相转化的;从而证明了对西门纪业理论的批评是没有根据的,证明了西门纪业的理论推导是正确的。
Ximen Jiye, Peking University first proposed the theory of aberration of the electromagnetic compound focusing cathode lens in 1957 (see Physics 13, 19, 1957, 339). In 1964, Soviet scholars proposed different opinions on this theory (see Pa-9,5,1964,844). In this paper, the theory of aberration of electromagnetic compound focusing cathode lens is reviewed and researched. Two representative articles of Ximen Jiyehe are emphatically analyzed, and the equation and aberration coefficient of the two texts are deduced in detail. The research shows that although the expressions of F and aberration coefficients in the equation of diacritical difference greatly vary in form, they are actually completely identical and can be transformed into each other. Thus, it is proved that the criticism of Simon Theory is Unsubstantiated, it proves that the theoretical derivation of Ximen Jiye is correct.