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目的全面评估东莞市麻疹强化免疫接种工作的开展情况,为下阶段消除麻疹提供依据。方法采用PPS法在全市抽取35个行政村,再用系统抽样法在每村各抽取12户进行入户查证调查。结果 426名被调查儿童中,应种对象376名,接种率98.1%,其中本地儿童接种率97.7%,外地儿童98.5%;强化免疫后,2周岁以上儿童合格接种率由87.0%上升至95.7%,其中本地合格接种率99.2%,外地92.2%。57名未接种疫苗的主要原因中,“接种禁忌”占71.9%,“不知接种”占3.5%,均为外地儿童,“拒绝接种”者主要为本地儿童。结论此次麻疹强化免疫工作达到预期的要求,全市已建立更为广泛的麻疹免疫屏障。鉴于外地儿童流动频繁及家长对儿童接种疫苗的顾虑,强调在进一步落实常规免疫接种的同时,加强疫苗接种的宣传教育及麻疹疫情监测力度,定期开展查漏补种活动,实现消除麻疹的目标。
Objective To comprehensively evaluate the progress of intensive immunization in measles in Dongguan City and provide the basis for eliminating measles in the next phase. Methods PPS method in the city to extract 35 administrative villages, and then use the system sampling method in each village 12 households for investigation and verification. Results Of the 426 children surveyed, 376 should be vaccinated, with a vaccination rate of 98.1%, of which 97.7% were local children and 98.5% of children in the field. After the booster immunization, the eligible vaccination rate for children over 2 years old rose from 87.0% to 95.7% , Of which 99.2% of local eligible vaccination, 92.2% in the field. Of the 57 unvaccinated cases, 71.9% were vaccinated taboo and 3.5% were unknowingly vaccinated, all of which were children in the field, while those who refused vaccination were mainly local children. Conclusion The measles immunization work has met the expected requirements. The city has established a broader measles immune barrier. In view of the frequent flow of children in the field and parents’ concern about vaccination of children, it is emphasized that public health education on measles vaccination and measles epidemic situation monitoring should be strengthened while routine immunization is further implemented. Efforts to eliminate leaks and replants should be regularly carried out to eliminate measles.