论文部分内容阅读
From Mrs. Horace Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
Dear Samson， —I was so glad to hear from Lydia that you are better. We have been rather nervous about you， for a cold at this time of year is often difficult to throw off. Horace is better too， and we are making our plans for Mentone as usual. I don’t pretend to care much for this annual exile from home， but Horace counts on it.
I am，
Your affectionate Sister，
Grace Spong
The Rev. Samson Spong to Mrs. Horace Spong
Dear Grace， —I can’t think what Lydia was about， to tell you that I am better. I am not better. If anything I am worse. Indeed it is within the bounds of probability that I shall never be anything but a wreck， for this cold is the most malignant that I’ve ever had and gives me no peace. I am miserable all day and at night unable to sleep. Either I am coughing or I have the feeling of being smothered.
Tell Horace that I envy him his recovery： he was always so much stronger than I. In fact， our dead mother often expressed surprise that as an infant I survived at all.
You are fortunate in being able to get to the south of France and avoid this terrible climate. I should like nothing better， but I dread the journey too much； nor would my straitened means， much deplenished by excessive taxation， permit it. Horace has always been so richly blessed in worldly goods.
Your affectionate Brother，
Samson Spong
Mrs. Samson Spong to Mrs. Horace Spong
My Dear Grace， —Please don’t write to Samson again about his condition. He much resented my telling you that he was better， although as a matter of fact he is—much better. He eats better， is more cheerful， except when he recollects that he is an invalid， and sleeps well. He may not always sleep right through the night， but like all men， if he is awake five minutes he thinks it is two hours.
Yours，
Lydia
Mr. Horace Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
Dear Samson， —Grace has given me your message about my recovery. I only wish I had earned it； but， alas！ I feel anything but a convalescent. In fact， in confidence， for I should not like every one to know， I am conscious of increasing weakness daily， I have even kept it a secret from Grace. There are some colds that seem to strike deeper the more you nurse them， and mine is one of them.
I am sorry for the pessimistic tone of your letter， but I feel sure that things are not so bad with you as you say. It is possible to take too gloomy a view of oneself， especially when one is weak， and I have discounted your remarks in consequence. You are a stronger man au fond and you will shake this off very soon. I am convinced. We are off to Mentone next week. It is a dreary business， but Grace likes it there， and what she likes is law with me.
Yours，
Horace
The Rev. Samson Spong to Mr. Horace Spong
Dear Horace， —I wish you wouldn’t write nonsense about my being strong. I am not strong and never was. I was always delicate， even before cold after cold enfeebled me， and now I am a wreck. Surely I am the best judge as to how ill I am！ Now you， I consider， really are stronger， though you may not look it. Only a strong man could undertake a journey to Mentone at this time of year.
I will say good-bye， my dear brother， as it is exceedingly unlikely that you will find me here when you return in the spring.
Yours，
Samson
Miss Hilda Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
Dear Uncle Samson， —I was very glad to hear the other day from mother that you are better. I send you a little present now as at Christmas I shall be far away in Switzerland and with a Winter Sports Party. We are going to some place thousands of feet up， where skating and skiing and bob-sleighing are a cert. I will send you a card from there.
Your affectionate Niece，
Hilda
The Rev. Samson Spong to Mrs. Horace Spong
Dear Grace， —If you are writing to Hilda you might give her a hint that it would be kinder not to send me a card as she has undertaken to do. I feel sure it would suggest snow and be harmful to me in my present delicate state. She is a dear girl， but her letter about those Alpine heights， although meant， I am sure， in all good faith， gave me a severe shock. I have just now to be very， very careful.
Your affectionate Brother，
Samson
P.S.—Tell Horace that what he wants is more employment. It is when one is idle that one broods on one’s health. He should take up some hobby.
Mr. Horace Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
My dear Samson， —I really must protest against the suggestion in your letter to Grace that I am a malade imaginaire. Fortunately Grace and I understand one another and there is no fear of any mishap； but I can believe that there are households which might be undermined by such insinuations. So far from being idle， as you put it， I am continually busy. There is not a penny spent in this establishment， indoors or out， that I am unaware of： I see all the tradesmen’s books； I know exactly how much petrol the car uses from day to day； in fact， I am constantly vigilant and interested. Please do not again refer to the matter. While on this subject， let me say that it is increasingly borne in upon me that you made a terrible mistake when you gave up your living. You were far less faddy about yourself when you had your duties to perform. You were also more considerate for others. Your very gloomy reference in your last letter to your imminent decease might have caused me a really serious relapse， had I not just run into Corder in our London hotel and had a talk with him about you. But from what he says you are getting along famously.
My love to Lydia.
Yours，
Horace
The Rev. Samson Spong to Richard Corder， MD
Dear Corder， —I am sorry that after all these years we should have to part， but I must ask you for your account. I cannot continue with a medical man who gossips about his patient. I was much distressed this morning to learn from my brother that you had told him I was better. Apart from the fact that I am not， I hold that a doctor’s first duty is not to tell. You have greatly shaken me.
I am，
yours sincerely，
Samson Spong
1. Explain the following words and expressions （highlighted in blue） in English.
（1） exile （Letter 1）
（2） malignant （Letter 2）
（3） recollect （Letter 3）
（4） convalescent （Letter 4）
（5） enfeeble （Letter 5）
（6） brood （Letter 7）
（7） insinuation， vigilant， imminent， relapse （Letter 8）
2. Look up the underlined words in your dictionary， examining their multiple meanings. （Note down the meaning of each word in the context， and another meaning that the word often expresses.）
（1） … a cold at this time of year is often difficult to throw off. （Letter 1）
（2） … nor would my straitened means， … （Letter 2）
（3） … and I have discounted your remarks in consequence. （Letter 4）
（4） Only a strong man could undertake a journey to Mentone at this time of year. （Letter 5）
（5） … but I must ask you for your account. （Letter 9）
3. What do you think， in actual fact， has made Samson so angry？
1. Explain the following words and expressions （highlighted in blue） in English.
（1） asphyxiate， revile， coterie （Para. 2）
a） asphyxiate： If someone is asphyxiated， they die or lose consciousness because they are unable to breathe properly.
b） revile： If someone or something is reviled， people hate them intensely or show their hatred of them.
c） coterie： A coterie of a particular kind is a small group of people who are close friends or have a common interest， and who do not want other people to join them. （6） … on the following lines. （Para. 16） You can use line to refer to the way in which someone’s thoughts or activities develop， particularly if it is logical. A line also refers to a long thin mark which is drawn or painted on a surface.
（7） … should be immune for five years. （Para. 16） Someone or something that is immune from a particular process or situation is able to escape it. If you are immune to a particular disease， you cannot be affected by it.
3. What is the attitude toward reading of each of the four types of reader？ What are their problems according to the author？
The first type of reader gives up reading， and finds excuse for not reading. The second type seems quite limited in the scope of reading， and downplays all other books that are not read. The third type uses reading as a means of gaining personal favours and making oneself look fashionable. The fourth type tries to focus only on the so-called best part of a book， while ignoring the compatibility of great works with readers of various ages and from various cultural backgrounds.
这篇散文篇幅较长，语言也相对复杂、晦澀，这两点或许会给中国英语学习者带来一定理解上的困难。因此，在阅读过程中，我们不妨先快速通读全文，把握作者讨论的中心议题和文章结构，之后再分部分完成细读。如果感觉语言确实造成了阅读障碍，也可以先通读一下译文，通过译文把握中心议题和文章结构，再阅读原文。
除了语言上的难点外，这篇散文最需要着重把握的就是作者所使用的类比。文中阐述了四种类型的读者，他们各有特点，作者将他们逐一批判。而实际上，作者想讨论的或许并非仅限于读书这件具体的事情，而是用不同读者对读书的不同态度映射了他们对生活的不同态度。第一类读者找借口不读书，那么在生活中他们也很有可能找借口不做任何需要劳神费力的事情；第二类读者局限于“井口大的天”，给自己圈出一个很小的所谓经典书目的范围，那么在生活中也很有可能在其他事情上无意多拓展、拒绝新体验；第三类读者势利逢迎，通过读书这件小事，他们在其他事情上的生活态度也可见一斑；第四类读者则机械死板，抱定一个预置的“必读”书目及其“精华”指引，而忽视了读书也好、生活也罢，本质上都是建构的，在不同时期中、不同情境下都有不同的存在形式和意义表达。
Dear Samson， —I was so glad to hear from Lydia that you are better. We have been rather nervous about you， for a cold at this time of year is often difficult to throw off. Horace is better too， and we are making our plans for Mentone as usual. I don’t pretend to care much for this annual exile from home， but Horace counts on it.
I am，
Your affectionate Sister，
Grace Spong
The Rev. Samson Spong to Mrs. Horace Spong
Dear Grace， —I can’t think what Lydia was about， to tell you that I am better. I am not better. If anything I am worse. Indeed it is within the bounds of probability that I shall never be anything but a wreck， for this cold is the most malignant that I’ve ever had and gives me no peace. I am miserable all day and at night unable to sleep. Either I am coughing or I have the feeling of being smothered.
Tell Horace that I envy him his recovery： he was always so much stronger than I. In fact， our dead mother often expressed surprise that as an infant I survived at all.
You are fortunate in being able to get to the south of France and avoid this terrible climate. I should like nothing better， but I dread the journey too much； nor would my straitened means， much deplenished by excessive taxation， permit it. Horace has always been so richly blessed in worldly goods.
Your affectionate Brother，
Samson Spong
Mrs. Samson Spong to Mrs. Horace Spong
My Dear Grace， —Please don’t write to Samson again about his condition. He much resented my telling you that he was better， although as a matter of fact he is—much better. He eats better， is more cheerful， except when he recollects that he is an invalid， and sleeps well. He may not always sleep right through the night， but like all men， if he is awake five minutes he thinks it is two hours.
Yours，
Lydia
Mr. Horace Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
Dear Samson， —Grace has given me your message about my recovery. I only wish I had earned it； but， alas！ I feel anything but a convalescent. In fact， in confidence， for I should not like every one to know， I am conscious of increasing weakness daily， I have even kept it a secret from Grace. There are some colds that seem to strike deeper the more you nurse them， and mine is one of them.
I am sorry for the pessimistic tone of your letter， but I feel sure that things are not so bad with you as you say. It is possible to take too gloomy a view of oneself， especially when one is weak， and I have discounted your remarks in consequence. You are a stronger man au fond and you will shake this off very soon. I am convinced. We are off to Mentone next week. It is a dreary business， but Grace likes it there， and what she likes is law with me.
Yours，
Horace
The Rev. Samson Spong to Mr. Horace Spong
Dear Horace， —I wish you wouldn’t write nonsense about my being strong. I am not strong and never was. I was always delicate， even before cold after cold enfeebled me， and now I am a wreck. Surely I am the best judge as to how ill I am！ Now you， I consider， really are stronger， though you may not look it. Only a strong man could undertake a journey to Mentone at this time of year.
I will say good-bye， my dear brother， as it is exceedingly unlikely that you will find me here when you return in the spring.
Yours，
Samson
Miss Hilda Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
Dear Uncle Samson， —I was very glad to hear the other day from mother that you are better. I send you a little present now as at Christmas I shall be far away in Switzerland and with a Winter Sports Party. We are going to some place thousands of feet up， where skating and skiing and bob-sleighing are a cert. I will send you a card from there.
Your affectionate Niece，
Hilda
The Rev. Samson Spong to Mrs. Horace Spong
Dear Grace， —If you are writing to Hilda you might give her a hint that it would be kinder not to send me a card as she has undertaken to do. I feel sure it would suggest snow and be harmful to me in my present delicate state. She is a dear girl， but her letter about those Alpine heights， although meant， I am sure， in all good faith， gave me a severe shock. I have just now to be very， very careful.
Your affectionate Brother，
Samson
P.S.—Tell Horace that what he wants is more employment. It is when one is idle that one broods on one’s health. He should take up some hobby.
Mr. Horace Spong to the Rev. Samson Spong
My dear Samson， —I really must protest against the suggestion in your letter to Grace that I am a malade imaginaire. Fortunately Grace and I understand one another and there is no fear of any mishap； but I can believe that there are households which might be undermined by such insinuations. So far from being idle， as you put it， I am continually busy. There is not a penny spent in this establishment， indoors or out， that I am unaware of： I see all the tradesmen’s books； I know exactly how much petrol the car uses from day to day； in fact， I am constantly vigilant and interested. Please do not again refer to the matter. While on this subject， let me say that it is increasingly borne in upon me that you made a terrible mistake when you gave up your living. You were far less faddy about yourself when you had your duties to perform. You were also more considerate for others. Your very gloomy reference in your last letter to your imminent decease might have caused me a really serious relapse， had I not just run into Corder in our London hotel and had a talk with him about you. But from what he says you are getting along famously.
My love to Lydia.
Yours，
Horace
The Rev. Samson Spong to Richard Corder， MD
Dear Corder， —I am sorry that after all these years we should have to part， but I must ask you for your account. I cannot continue with a medical man who gossips about his patient. I was much distressed this morning to learn from my brother that you had told him I was better. Apart from the fact that I am not， I hold that a doctor’s first duty is not to tell. You have greatly shaken me.
I am，
yours sincerely，
Samson Spong
學习任务
1. Explain the following words and expressions （highlighted in blue） in English.
（1） exile （Letter 1）
（2） malignant （Letter 2）
（3） recollect （Letter 3）
（4） convalescent （Letter 4）
（5） enfeeble （Letter 5）
（6） brood （Letter 7）
（7） insinuation， vigilant， imminent， relapse （Letter 8）
2. Look up the underlined words in your dictionary， examining their multiple meanings. （Note down the meaning of each word in the context， and another meaning that the word often expresses.）
（1） … a cold at this time of year is often difficult to throw off. （Letter 1）
（2） … nor would my straitened means， … （Letter 2）
（3） … and I have discounted your remarks in consequence. （Letter 4）
（4） Only a strong man could undertake a journey to Mentone at this time of year. （Letter 5）
（5） … but I must ask you for your account. （Letter 9）
3. What do you think， in actual fact， has made Samson so angry？
七期答案
1. Explain the following words and expressions （highlighted in blue） in English.
（1） asphyxiate， revile， coterie （Para. 2）
a） asphyxiate： If someone is asphyxiated， they die or lose consciousness because they are unable to breathe properly.
b） revile： If someone or something is reviled， people hate them intensely or show their hatred of them.
c） coterie： A coterie of a particular kind is a small group of people who are close friends or have a common interest， and who do not want other people to join them. （6） … on the following lines. （Para. 16） You can use line to refer to the way in which someone’s thoughts or activities develop， particularly if it is logical. A line also refers to a long thin mark which is drawn or painted on a surface.
（7） … should be immune for five years. （Para. 16） Someone or something that is immune from a particular process or situation is able to escape it. If you are immune to a particular disease， you cannot be affected by it.
七期答案
3. What is the attitude toward reading of each of the four types of reader？ What are their problems according to the author？
The first type of reader gives up reading， and finds excuse for not reading. The second type seems quite limited in the scope of reading， and downplays all other books that are not read. The third type uses reading as a means of gaining personal favours and making oneself look fashionable. The fourth type tries to focus only on the so-called best part of a book， while ignoring the compatibility of great works with readers of various ages and from various cultural backgrounds.
篇章讲解赏析
这篇散文篇幅较长，语言也相对复杂、晦澀，这两点或许会给中国英语学习者带来一定理解上的困难。因此，在阅读过程中，我们不妨先快速通读全文，把握作者讨论的中心议题和文章结构，之后再分部分完成细读。如果感觉语言确实造成了阅读障碍，也可以先通读一下译文，通过译文把握中心议题和文章结构，再阅读原文。
除了语言上的难点外，这篇散文最需要着重把握的就是作者所使用的类比。文中阐述了四种类型的读者，他们各有特点，作者将他们逐一批判。而实际上，作者想讨论的或许并非仅限于读书这件具体的事情，而是用不同读者对读书的不同态度映射了他们对生活的不同态度。第一类读者找借口不读书，那么在生活中他们也很有可能找借口不做任何需要劳神费力的事情；第二类读者局限于“井口大的天”，给自己圈出一个很小的所谓经典书目的范围，那么在生活中也很有可能在其他事情上无意多拓展、拒绝新体验；第三类读者势利逢迎，通过读书这件小事，他们在其他事情上的生活态度也可见一斑；第四类读者则机械死板，抱定一个预置的“必读”书目及其“精华”指引，而忽视了读书也好、生活也罢，本质上都是建构的，在不同时期中、不同情境下都有不同的存在形式和意义表达。