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本文报告了４８例苯接触和慢性苯中毒患者周围血和骨髓常规检查结果。结果显示，周围血白细胞、血小板计数和骨髓有核细胞、巨核细胞计数按苯接触和中毒轻、中、重程度依次递减，血红蛋白含量在重度中毒时才明显减少。在中、重度苯中毒组的骨髓细胞分类中可见粒系和红系原幼和早幼细胞比例减少，提示苯对骨髓造血细胞增殖有抑制作用。骨髓细胞形态改变在各组中均可见到；粒系细胞的形态改变以中毒颗粒和空泡为多见，还可见核分叶过少或过多、核分裂、核固缩、核肿胀或核畸形；红系细胞以核分裂为多见，其他有浆中出现豪乔氏小体和点彩、脱核障碍、巨幼样变；个别患者出现异形淋巴细胞和巨大血小板等；可见苯亦影响血细胞的分化和成熟。以上结果提示，周围血常规检查可在一定程度上反映骨髓的造血功能状况。因此，苯接触工人的定期健康检查和苯中毒患者的随访中，将周围血常规作为过筛检查是可取的。
This article reports the results of routine blood and bone marrow tests in 48 patients with benzene exposure and chronic benzene poisoning. The results showed that peripheral blood leukocytes, platelet count and bone marrow nucleated cells, megakaryocyte count by benzene exposure and poisoning light, moderate and severe degree decreased in turn, hemoglobin content was significantly reduced when severe poisoning. In the medium and severe benzene poisoning group, the percentage of myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells was decreased in the myeloid cell classification, suggesting that benzene could inhibit the proliferation of myeloid hematopoietic cells. Morphological changes of bone marrow cells can be seen in all groups; morphological changes of granulocytes in order to poison particles and vacuoles are more common, but also seen too little or too many nuclear lobes, mitosis, nuclear pyknosis, nuclear swelling or nuclear deformity ; Erythroid cells are more common in mitosis, the other have ho Chow’s body and spot color, detoxification disorders, juvenile-like changes; individual patients with abnormal lymphocytes and giant platelets; visible benzene also affect the blood cells Differentiation and maturation. The above results suggest that peripheral blood tests can reflect the degree of hematopoietic function of bone marrow to a certain extent. Therefore, it is advisable to use the peripheral blood as a screening test in the regular medical examination of benzene exposed workers and the follow-up of patients with benzene poisoning.