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本文研究了长白山北坡自然保护区森林土壤微生物的生态分布和生化特性。土壤微生物的垂直分布与林型之间有着下列相关性:(1)阔叶林和针阔混交林下土壤中细菌的数量比针叶林下多;(2)不同土类中,放线菌的分布随海拔上升而减少;(3)亚高山针叶混交林下土壤中真菌数量很多。不同林型下土壤酶活性、内源呼吸、氧化代谢能力和土壤有机质中中性糖、氨基糖和糖醛酸的分布有很大差异,以阔叶林和针阔混交林下土壤中为最高,针叶林下土壤中为最低。针叶混交林下土壤中生化活性随阔叶树种增加而提高。不同海拔、不同植被和不同土类下,芽孢杆菌属、放线菌和真菌的生态分布及其种的组合不同。芽孢杆菌属的优势种和放线菌、真菌优势属的组成也不同。不同林型下优势种的组成与水热条件、植物残体的组成及土壤有机质的分解过程密切相关。
In this paper, the ecological distribution and biochemical characteristics of soil microorganisms in the northern slope of Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve were studied. There was the following correlation between the vertical distribution of soil microbes and forest type: (1) The number of bacteria in the soil under broadleaved forest and coniferous broadleaved forest was more than that under coniferous forest; (2) Actinomyces (3) There are many fungi in the soil under the sub-alpine coniferous mixed forest. Under different types of forest soil enzyme activity, endogenous respiration, oxidative metabolism and soil organic matter in the distribution of neutral sugars, amino sugars and uronic acid are very different, the highest in the broad-leaved forest and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest under the soil , The lowest in coniferous forest soil. The biochemical activity of soil under coniferous mixed forest increased with the increase of broad-leaved tree species. Under different altitudes, different vegetation and different soil types, the ecological distribution of Bacillus, actinomycetes and fungi and their combinations are different. The dominant species of Bacillus and actinomycetes, the genus of fungi are also different composition. The composition of dominant species under different forest types is closely related to the hydrothermal conditions, the composition of plant residues and the decomposition process of soil organic matter.