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占全世界人口不到1/4的发达国家,消耗着全球3/4的矿产资源;而占全世界人口多达3/4的广大发展中国家,占全球矿产消费量的比例却不到1/4。这就是当前全球矿产资源配置的总体格局。大量消耗矿产资源的发达国家大致可分为三种类型。第一种以美国、俄罗斯为代表,既是矿产资源生产大国,又是矿产资源消费大国。第二种以日本、德国为代表,本土矿产资源极为贫乏,对矿产的需求量特别大。第三种以澳大利亚、加拿大为代表,是矿产生产大国,生产量超过国内需求,可以大量出口,作为美国、日本、西欧的战略伙伴,发展资源加工业。美、加、澳三个国家的矿业公司数几乎占全球的2/3。
The developed countries, which account for less than a quarter of the world’s population, consume three-quarters of the world’s mineral resources while the vast majority of developing countries, which account for as much as three-quarters of the world’s population, make up less than one percentage of the world’s mineral consumption / 4. This is the current overall configuration of the world’s mineral resources. Developed countries that consume a large amount of mineral resources can be roughly divided into three types. The first one, represented by the United States and Russia, is both a big producer of mineral resources and a big consumer of mineral resources. The second is represented by Japan and Germany. The local mineral resources are extremely poor and the demand for minerals is particularly large. The third, represented by Australia and Canada, is a major mineral producer with a production volume exceeding that of domestic demand and can be exported in large quantities. As a strategic partner of the United States, Japan and Western Europe, the resource and processing industry is to be developed. The number of mining companies in the United States, Canada and Australia accounts for almost two-thirds of the world’s total.