一,前言由于铸铁材料具有生产简便、成本低廉、并且又具有一定的机械强度,良好的耐磨性、导热性和减震性等优良特性,因此铸铁构件在某些工程领域中获得了广泛应用。但是随着近代科学技术的不断发民,要求这些铸铁构件不仅要具有足够高的强度,而且也要具有良好的摩擦特性。然而若要同时满足这两个要求,对任何一种铸铁来讲,都是一件比较困难的事情。因为二者特性通常是相互矛盾的。因此,近年来人们又在寻求新的铸铁材料资源,这就是铌铸铁。 I. Introduction Because cast iron has the advantages of simple production, low cost, good mechanical strength, good wear resistance, thermal conductivity and shock absorption, cast iron components have been widely used in some engineering fields . However, with the continuous development of science and technology in modern times, these cast iron components are required not only to have sufficiently high strength but also to have good frictional properties. However, to satisfy both of these requirements is a difficult task for any kind of cast iron. Because the two characteristics are usually contradictory. Therefore, in recent years, people are seeking new resources of cast iron materials, which is niobium cast iron.