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工程结构的设计都以安全为其首要目标。但是安全的概念是相对的,只是一个度。风险才是绝对的,所以安全标准的本质是一个风险决策问题,是一个考虑目标的优化问题,最终得到的是可接受的风险度,它应成为衡量安全与否的标准。结构的最佳安全水平应该根据社会的技术和经济客观能力,以及相应的社会对危险的承受能力来确定。
The design of engineering structures are based on safety as their primary goal. But the concept of security is relative, just a degree. Risk is absolute. Therefore, the essence of safety standards is a risk decision-making problem. It is an optimization problem that takes into account the goal and finally gets an acceptable degree of risk. It should become a measure of safety or not. The optimal level of safety of the structure should be determined in the light of the technical and economic objective capacities of society and the corresponding social tolerance of danger.