“鹿胎”是指尚未出生的幼鹿之皮,用这种鹿皮制成的冠子或饰品具有精巧、外形美观及冬暖夏凉的特点,主要出产于川蜀一带。宋代时消费量巨大,而各阶层的消费动因则有所差别,统治阶层除了自己使用以显示其尊贵身份外,还主要用于祭祀、封禅、赏赐及“乞和”北方少数民族政权;普通民众则是为了提高身份地位;文人士子阶层则是因为爱梅。通过对鹿胎消费情况的考察,认为宋人并未形成明确而自觉的环保意识,统治者禁止捕杀生灵的禁令约束力有限。日益增长的社会需求和不合理的消费观念不仅是残杀野生动物的主要动因,还是促使禁令失效的关键。 “Deer fetus ” refers to the skin of an undeveloped young deer. The crown or ornament made from this deerskin has the characteristics of exquisiteness, beautiful appearance and warmth in winter and cool in summer. It is mainly produced in the area of ​​Sichuan Shu. In the Song Dynasty, the consumption was enormous, and the consumption motives of all walks of life were different. The ruling class was mainly used for sacrificial rites, feudalism, rewards and “begging ” in addition to their own use to show their noble status; Ordinary people are to improve their status; literati scholar class is because of love plum. Through the investigation of the consumption of deer fetuses, it is concluded that the Song people did not form a clear and conscious awareness of environmental protection, and that the ban on rulers killing the creatures was limited. Growing social needs and unjustified consumer attitudes are not only the main cause of the killings of wild animals but also the key to invalidating the ban.