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目的了解新乡市食品的微生物污染状况,分析市售食品微生物污染的影响因素,为新乡市的食品安全监管提供参考依据。方法以新乡市内红旗区、卫滨区和新乡县的7个区县的10类、389份食品为研究对象,采样地点包括超市、快餐店、学校食堂、公共场所、路边摊位及固定摊位等,按照国家标准的要求进行3项卫生指标菌和9项致病菌的检测。结果 389份样品中共检出11株致病菌,其中铜绿假单胞菌的检出率最高,为23.5%(8/34)。卫生指标菌的总体不合格率为27.8%,其中2014年的不合格率为47.1%,高于2013年的17.1%,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调味品、饮料和餐饮食品的不合格率较高。散装食品的不合格率(36.7%)高于定型包装食品(16.7%)。结论新乡市市售食品中微生物的污染分布比较广泛,污染情况比较严重,2014年样品的微生物不合格率高于2013年。
Objective To understand the status of microbial contamination of food in Xinxiang City and to analyze the influencing factors of microbial contamination in commercial food and provide reference for food safety regulation in Xinxiang City. Methods The 10 categories and 389 foodstuffs in seven districts and counties of Hongqi, Wei-bin and Xinxiang counties of Xinxiang were studied. The sampling sites included supermarkets, fast food restaurants, canteens, public places, roadside stalls and fixed stalls And so on, in accordance with the requirements of national standards for three health indicators bacteria and nine pathogenic bacteria detection. Results A total of 11 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 389 samples, of which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the highest, accounting for 23.5% (8/34). The overall unqualified rate of hygiene indicator bacteria was 27.8%, of which the unqualified rate was 47.1% in 2014, up from 17.1% in 2013, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Condiments, beverages and food products have a high failure rate. The unqualified rate of bulk food (36.7%) is higher than that of shaped packaged food (16.7%). Conclusion The distribution of microorganisms in commercial food in Xinxiang City is relatively widespread and the pollution is serious. The unqualified rate of microorganisms in samples in 2014 is higher than that in 2013.