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[目的]为提高氮肥在甘蔗生产中的利用率,减少农业生产中的氮污染提供参考。[方法]以ROC22为材料,设3个不同氮肥施用量(38 276和414 kg N/hm2)和3种不同施用方式(1:氮肥10%作基肥,30%小培土时施用,60%大培土时施用;2:氮肥30%作基肥,70%小培土时施用;3:氮肥全部作基肥施用)测定甘蔗农艺性状产量和土壤养分等指标,研究氮肥与甘蔗生长以及土壤养分变化的关系。[结果]甘蔗产量随着氮肥施用量增加而增加,以276 kg N/hm2增产效果较好氮肥早施可以促进甘蔗早拔节早生长和提高甘蔗产量土壤氮素速效钾含量随着氮肥施用量增加而增加,但大量施用氮肥会引起土壤酸化早施氮肥有利于促进土壤磷酸盐的溶解,提高磷的吸收利用氮肥作基肥一次性施用容易造成氮流失,氮利用率低结论甘蔗氮肥合理施用方式为两次分施,施氮量为138~276 kg N/hm2。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide reference for improving the utilization of nitrogen fertilizer in sugar cane production and reducing nitrogen pollution in agricultural production. [Method] With ROC22 as material, three different nitrogen application rates (38 276 and 414 kg N / hm2) and three different application modes (1: 10% N as basal fertilizer, 30% 2: 30% nitrogen fertilizer as basal fertilizer, 70% small soil application; 3: Nitrogen fertilizer as basal application) to determine the yield of agronomic traits and soil nutrients and other indicators, the relationship between nitrogen fertilizer and sugar cane growth and soil nutrient changes. [Result] The output of sugarcane increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and the yield was increased with 276 kg N / hm2. The early application of nitrogen fertilizer could promote the early growth of sugarcane in early growing season and increase the content of available potassium in soil. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, However, applying a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer will cause acidification of the soil. Early application of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to promote the dissolution of soil phosphate and increase the absorption of phosphorus. Nitrogen loss and low nitrogen utilization rate due to single application of nitrogen fertilizer as a basal fertilizer are reasonable. Two times of application, nitrogen application rate of 138 ~ 276 kg N / hm2.