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目的分析陶瓷企业作业场所职业性噪声对工人的健康影响,探讨陶瓷企业噪声职业病危害有效防控措施,为防控噪声职业病危害提供科学依据。方法选择9家陶瓷企业接触噪声作业工人758名为噪声组,不接触噪声的同企业行政管理人员或其他作业工人116名为对照组,进行听力测定、心电图、血压等健康检查,并对噪声组与对照组之间健康检查结果进行分析。结果噪声组与对照组之间的听力、心电图、血压异常检出率比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);生产车间噪声超标率达67%。企业对防治职业性噪声存在布局不合理、减振降噪措施缺乏、劳动者个体防护缺失等不足。结论职业性噪声对劳动者听力、心血管系统产生影响,危害劳动者的身体健康。改进生产工艺,合理布局生产设备,落实减震降噪措施,加强劳动者个人防护,缩短接触噪声时间及定期进行健康检查对防控噪声职业病危害、保障劳动者健康具有积极意义。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the health effects of occupational noise on workers in the workplace of ceramic enterprises, and to explore effective prevention and control measures against the occupational hazards caused by noise in ceramics enterprises, so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling the hazards of occupational noise diseases. Methods A total of 758 workers exposed to noise in nine ceramic enterprises were selected as noise group, and 116 workers, who were not exposed to noise, or other workers, were selected as control group, and hearing tests, electrocardiogram and blood pressure were performed. The results of the health examination with the control group were analyzed. Results There was significant difference in hearing, electrocardiogram and blood pressure anomaly between noise group and control group (all P <0.05). The rate of over-standard noise in workshop was 67%. Enterprises to prevent occupational noise layout is irrational, vibration and noise reduction measures lack of protection of workers lack of personal protection. Conclusion Occupational noise affects workers’ hearing and cardiovascular system and endangers the health of laborers. Improve production technology, rational distribution of production equipment, the implementation of shock absorption and noise reduction measures to strengthen the personal protection of workers, shorten the time of exposure to noise and regular health checks to prevent occupational hazards and noise to protect the health of workers has a positive meaning.