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辛亥革命后,山西五台县人士同盟会员新军标统阎锡山当上了山西的都督,控制了“军政府”。到民国六年(1917年),他又在北洋军阀段祺瑞政府的支持下,兼任了山西省省长。从此,阎锡山总揽了山西的军政大权,开始了他长期对三晋割据自守的军阀统治。在他统治山西的过程中,为了巩固和扩大自己的地盘,曾几度发动和参加了军阀混战,给山西乃至全国造成了很大的灾难。并且阎锡山一贯推行反共反人民的政策,镇压民间的进步活动,进攻人民解放军。但在另一方面,他又强调省内的经济建设,注重生产,特别是在水利事业方面,
After the Revolution of 1911, Yan Xishan, the commander of the allied members of the Wutai County people in Shanxi, became the captaincy of Shanxi and controlled the “junta”. In the six years of the Republic of China (1917), he also served as governor of Shanxi Province with the support of the government of the Beiyang warlord Duan Qirui. Since then, Yan Xishan took the Shanxi military and political power, began his long-term self-defense of San Jin warlord rule. During his rule of Shanxi, in order to consolidate and expand his own territory, he had been dispatched several times and participated in the melee war, causing great disasters to Shanxi and the entire country. And Yen Hsi-shan consistently pursued the policy of opposing the communist and anti-people, suppressing the private progressive activities and attacking the People’s Liberation Army. On the other hand, however, he also emphasized the economic construction in the province and its emphasis on production, especially in the field of water conservancy.