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本文报道了天津市河西区自建国起至1994年底全部尘肺病人,按全国尘肺流行病学调查(又称尘肺流调)统一方法,进行了调查研究。在353例累积尘肺病人中,以滑石尘肺病例最多,占尘肺病例总数的49.01％,其次是铸工尘肺和矽肺,分别占尘肺病例总数的28.33％和14.74％。尘肺期别构成Ⅰ期为81.59％,平均发病工龄为23.52年。累积死亡病人95例,病死率为26.91％,同时Ⅱ、Ⅲ期尘肺病死率高于Ⅰ期。调查结果不仅明确了该区尘肺防治重点,而且为制定粉尘防治措施和强化尘肺病的医疗预防保健措施,提供了科学依据。
This article reports all the patients with pneumoconiosis from the founding of Hexi District in Tianjin until the end of 1994. According to the unified method of pneumoconiosis survey (also known as pneumoconiosis), a survey was conducted. Among the 353 cases of cumulative pneumoconiosis patients, the most cases were talc pneumoconiosis, accounting for 49.01% of the total number of pneumoconiosis cases, followed by cast iron pneumoconiosis and silicosis, accounting for 28.33% and 14.74% of the total number of pneumoconiosis cases respectively. Pneumoconiosis constitute the stage I was 81.59%, the average length of service was 23.52 years. The cumulative death of 95 patients, the case fatality rate was 26.91%, while the mortality of pneumoconiosis Ⅱ, Ⅲ higher than the stage Ⅰ. The survey results not only clarified the focus of pneumoconiosis prevention and control in this area, but also provided scientific evidence for the development of dust prevention and control measures and medical preventive health care measures for pneumoconiosis.