目的　建立一种双重PCR方法 ,用于简便 ,快速检测军团菌。方法　根据军团菌 16SrRNA基因和mip基因序列设计合成引物 ,可以扩增 386bp 16SrRNA基因和 2 0 6bpmip基因片段。用该方法对军团菌标准参考菌株和 47份临床标本进行了检测。结果　通过一次PCR反应 ,不仅能够检测嗜肺军团菌 ,而且能够检测非嗜肺的军团菌 ,从而克服了单一引物应用时的不足。 2 1株对照菌株扩增阴性 ,最小检出限为 2× 10 1 cfu/ml。 47份临床标本 (包括 12份血 ,2 0份支气管肺泡灌洗液 ,7份胸水 ,8份痰 )PCR检测的阳性标本为 2 8份 (2 8/4 7) ,在临床上均支持为军团菌感染 ,高于血清抗体检测的阳性标本数 (2 4/4 7)。结论　该方法用于军团菌的检测简便、快捷 ,具有很高的特异性和敏感性 ,为未来军团病分子流行病学调查及临床早期诊断提供了有效的检测手段 Objective To establish a dual PCR method for the simple and rapid detection of Legionella. Methods According to the sequences of 16S rRNA gene and mip gene of Legionella, a synthetic primer of 386bp 16S rRNA gene and 20 6bpmip gene was amplified. The method was used to detect Legionella standard reference strains and 47 clinical specimens. Results By a single PCR reaction, not only Legionella pneumophila, but also Legionella pneumophila, which can detect non-pneumonic bacteria, was overcome, thus overcoming the shortcomings of a single primer. 21 strains of negative amplification of the control strain, the minimum detection limit of 2 × 10 1 cfu / ml. There were 28 positive samples (28/47) detected by PCR in 47 clinical samples (including 12 blood samples, 20 broncho-alveolar lavage fluid samples, 7 pleural effusion samples and 8 sputum samples), all of which were clinically supported as Legionella infection, higher than the number of positive serum antibody test (2 4/4 7). Conclusion The method is simple and rapid for detection of Legionella, and has high specificity and sensitivity. It provides an effective means of detection for molecular epidemiology and early clinical diagnosis of Legionnaires’ disease