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马克思生产劳动理论是政治经济学中的一个重要理论问题,一直以来虽备受关注,却争议颇多。对生产劳动概念从生产力和生产关系两个角度进行分析其一般定义和特殊定义,从生产劳动的对立角度考察马克思关于非生产劳动的定义,我们发现,马克思的生产劳动理论,是研究财富生产的社会关系,而不是研究财富的具体内容和物质属性,马克思是从揭示资本主义生产关系的本质这个根本点出发,来研究生产劳动和非生产劳动划分问题的。马克思生产劳动理论与服务经济发展关系密切,现代服务经济的发展,使得生产劳动和非生产劳动的界限更加模糊,马克思生产劳动理论与现代服务经济发展之间的关系需要进一步探讨。
Marx’s theory of productive labor is an important theoretical issue in political economy. Although it has been closely watched for so long, it has a lot of controversies. To analyze the general definition and special definition of the concept of productive labor from the perspectives of productivity and production relations and to examine Marx’s definition of non-productive labor from the perspective of the contradiction between production and labor, we find that Marx’s theory of productive labor is to study the production of wealth Social relations, rather than the specific content and material attributes of wealth. From the basic point of revealing the essence of capitalist relations of production, Marx studies the division of productive labor and non-productive labor. Marx’s theory of productive labor is closely related to the development of service economy. The development of modern service economy has made the boundary between productive and non-productive labor even more vague. The relationship between Marx’s theory of productive labor and the development of modern service economy needs to be further explored.