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一、“人不能两次踏进同一条河流”与“无赖打官司” 被列宁誉为“辩证法奠基人”的古希腊哲学家赫拉克利特,提出了“人不能两次踏进同一条河流”的著名命题,形象地阐述了运动的绝对性,无论何时何的运动都无条件的存在着,表明了他的“一切皆流,无物常住”的辩证法思想。但是他的学生克拉底鲁却把老师的名言发挥为“人甚至一次也不能踏进同一条河流”,认为万物只是一阵风,瞬息万变无法捉摸,从而得出了万物变动不居,一切都在“亦此亦彼”之中的相对主义结论。这就割裂了运动和静止的辩证关系,否认了事物的相对静止和物质的相对稳定性,把老师的辩证法弄成了诡辩。
I. “One cannot twice step into the same river” and “Lazy lawsuit.” Heraclitus, the ancient Greek philosopher who Lenin called the “founder of dialectics,” put forward, “People cannot step into the same river twice. The famous propositions of this article vividly expounded the absoluteness of the movement. No matter when or when the movement was unconditional, it demonstrated his dialectical thought of ”everything is flow and no permanent residence". However, his student Cratyrou made the teacher’s famous saying that “people can never even step into the same river once” and believe that everything is just a gust of wind and they are unpredictable. This leads to a change in everything and everything is “also This is also a relativist conclusion. This separates the dialectical relationship between movement and rest, denies the relative stillness of things and the relative stability of the material, and makes the dialectical method of the teacher a sophistry.