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按照世界卫生组织的规定,不分性别、职业、宗教等,只要年龄在60岁以上的人,就称为老人。我国的老龄人口已从1982年的7600多万,增加到2000年的1.3亿多,而且每年大约有250万人进入60岁的行列。2000年我国已步入老年型国家,到2025年预测老年人将达到3亿,占总人口的20%,到2040年达到人口老龄化高峰,老年人总数将达到3.4亿,占总人口的22%。在未来的20年,我国老龄人口之多,增长速度之快,将是世界罕见的。根据天津市安定医院最近对3000余名55岁以上老年人的调查,老年期心理障碍和精神障碍的患病率呈明显上升趋势,严重危害着老年人的身心健康。我国心理医学专家、天津市安定医院院长冯志颖教授提醒:对老年心理疾病不容忽视。据介绍,老年心理障碍包括各种类型的神经症,如抑郁症、焦虑症等,老年期精神障碍包括精神分裂症和老年期痴呆等多重性精神病。目前天津市的老年期精神障碍(不包括轻型的神经症)的患病率已达1.5%,明显高于普通人群,除精神分裂症和老年期痴呆症外,各类心理障碍如抑郁症、焦虑症的患病率已达3%以上。近年来天津市收治的老年病患者中老年心理和精神障碍疾病患者比例约占10%左右。
According to the provisions of the World Health Organization, regardless of gender, occupation, religion, as long as people over the age of 60, is called the elderly. The population of the elderly in our country has increased from 76 million in 1982 to over 130 million in 2000, and about 2.5 million people enter the 60-year-old each year. In 2000, China has stepped into an aging country. By 2025, it is estimated that the number of the elderly will reach 300 million, accounting for 20% of the total population. By 2040, the population will reach the peak of population aging. The total number of the elderly will reach 340 million, accounting for 22% of the total population %. In the next 20 years, China’s aging population will grow at a fast pace and will be rare in the world. According to a recent survey by Tianjin Anding Hospital on more than 3000 elderly over 55, the prevalence of mental disorders and mental disorders in elderly people shows a clear upward trend, seriously endangering the physical and mental health of the elderly. Psychological experts in China, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Professor Feng Zhiying reminder: the elderly mental illness can not be ignored. According to reports, senile mental disorders include various types of neurosis, such as depression, anxiety and so on, senile mental disorders including schizophrenia and senile dementia and other multiple mental illness. Currently, the prevalence of senile mental disorders (excluding light neurosis) in Tianjin has reached 1.5%, which is significantly higher than that of the general population. Apart from schizophrenia and senile dementia, various types of psychological disorders such as depression, The prevalence of anxiety disorders has reached more than 3%. In recent years, the proportion of elderly patients with mental disorders and mental disorders admitted to Tianjin accounts for about 10%.