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骨形成蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein,BMP)具有较强的骨诱导能力,大量的实验研究表明其在骨修复和骨再生方面,可以发挥重要作用.但是单纯BMP在体内扩散太快,易被蛋白酶分解,且不能提供支架作用,因此需要研究可充当BMP的载体的生物材料.载体的作用是:1)典型的缓释系统,控制BMP的迅速扩散;2)由于骨形成仅发生于载体的表面,因此载体也是细胞分化的支持结构;3)影响BMP的成骨方式.为了使BMP的成骨作用发挥的更持久和稳定,近来一些学者研究载体的理化性质和几何结构对于BMP的影响,以探索载体在BMP诱导骨形成的作用机理,本文就近年来这些方面的研究作一概述.1 载体引导血管化的几何结构影响BMP诱导骨形成的方式骨形成过程包括软骨成骨和膜内成骨,软骨成骨以软骨作为支架,最终被骨取代,膜内成骨不需要软骨,直接在间叶组织中发生骨化.传统的观点认为BMP诱导骨形成依赖软骨化顺序,最近一些学者发现,载体的结构和性质、植入部位以及BMP的来源和剂量均可影响BMP的骨形成方式,BMP与一些载体
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has a strong osteoinductive ability, and a large number of experimental studies have shown that it can play an important role in bone repair and bone regeneration.But the simple BMP diffusion in the body too fast, easy to be proteolytic , And can not provide the scaffold effect, so it is necessary to study the biomaterials that can act as carriers of BMP.The functions of the carriers are: 1) Typical sustained-release system to control the rapid diffusion of BMP; 2) Since bone formation occurs only on the surface of the carrier, Therefore, the carrier is also a supporting structure for cell differentiation.3) Osteogenesis affecting BMPs In order to make the osteogenesis of BMPs more durable and stable, some scholars have recently studied the physical and chemical properties of carriers and the influence of geometric structure on BMPs, The mechanism of BMP-induced osteogenesis in BMP is summarized in this paper.1 The way in which the carrier-induced vascularization affects BMP-induced bone formationThe process of bone formation includes cartilage osteogenesis and intramedullary osteogenesis, cartilage Osteogenesis uses cartilage as a scaffold and is eventually replaced by bone. Osteogenesis in the membrane does not require cartilage, and ossification occurs directly in the mesenchyme. Traditionally, BMP induction Order dependence of formation of cartilage, recent researchers found that the structure and nature of the carrier, as well as the source and the implantation site can affect the dosage of BMP BMP bone forming manner, with a number of carriers BMP