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为获取各创新要素投入对技术创新效率的贡献,本文区分基础研究、应用研究和试验发展,在随机前沿生产函数的基础上分别估算我国各地区不同活动类型技术创新要素投入的单效率,结果显示:基础研究的各创新要素投入单效率高于应用研究和试验发展的要素投入单效率,基础研究和应用研究的R&D经费效率高于R&D科技人员效率,试验发展的R&D科技人员单效率高于经费单效率,科技论文和专利作为要素投入的单效率很低,新产品开发经费效率较低,各创新要素投入单效率有较大的上升空间。我国创新要素单效率区域差异较大,各省份具有不同创新要素效率优势,各地区在加大创新要素投入的同时,更应提高R&D经费和科技人力产出效率,扭转科技论文“数量论”和专利“供给导向”。
In order to gain the contribution of each innovative factor input to the efficiency of technological innovation, this paper distinguishes basic research, applied research and experimental development. Based on the stochastic frontier production function, this article separately estimates the single efficiency of technological innovation inputs of different types of activities in different regions in China. : Each element of innovation in basic research Input single efficiency is higher than applied research and experimental development Input R & D expenditure efficiency, basic research and applied research R & D funding efficiency is higher than the efficiency of R & D scientific and technological personnel, experimental development R & D science and technology personnel single efficiency higher than funding Single efficiency, scientific papers and patents as a single input low efficiency, new product development funding is less efficient, there is a lot of room for innovation in a single input efficiency. The single efficiency regions of China’s innovation elements are quite different. The provinces have different efficiency advantages of different innovation elements. All regions should increase the R & D expenditure and the output of scientific and technological personnel while reversing the input of innovation elements, “And patent ” supply-oriented ".