“即兴演唱”(Improvvisazione di canto)这种技巧从文艺复兴时期以来在意大利、西班牙和法国流传并盛行,贯穿整个欧洲的歌唱时代,按照惯例传承下来。这种技巧之所以有它的重要性,关键是在它对于历代美声歌唱家在表演中处理和演绎声乐作品的实际运用价值及指导意义。本文大量选用音乐实例来阐述相关音乐理论。另外,本文的相关理论对于器乐演奏也有同样的指导意义。 Improvvisazione di canto, a technique that has been circulating and prevailing in Italy, Spain and France since the Renaissance, has traditionally been passed down throughout the European singing age. The key reason why this technique has its importance lies in its practical value and guiding significance for the treatment and deduction of vocal works by the vocal singers in the past. This article uses a large number of music examples to illustrate the relevant music theory. In addition, the related theory of this article has the same guiding significance for the instrumental music performance.