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普拍方是铺作层利柱子之间带有过渡性质的联系构件,在柱子之间起联系作用,并承补间和柱头铺作,再将铺作层传来的荷载传递给柱子和阑额。在日本这个构件被称作台轮。现存十一座日本古代(飞鸟、奈良、平安时代)建造的层塔建筑(包含两座建筑雏形)中有十座塔在各层檐柱上施台轮(普拍方),唯一例外的法隆寺五重塔也在初重檐柱上设台轮,在2-5层的檐柱上以长押材[1]方式作山台轮的造型。这表明台轮这一建筑构件是随层塔建筑一起由外界传入日本的。如果这一构件是由中国传入日本,那么就说明在七世纪的中国已经使用普拍方了。本文尝试就普拍方在中国古代建筑中的施用情况做一梳理。
Pupai side is paved with pillars of the transitional nature of the link between the components to play the role of contact between the pillars and intercropping and stigma pavement, and then spread the load from the plies passed to the pillars and À amount. In Japan this component is called a wheel. Eleven of Japan’s ancient (flying birds, Nara, Heian era) built tower (including two prototypes of the building) of the ten towers in the layers of eaves column on wheels (Pu pat side), the only exception to the Horyu Temple Fifth tower also erection of the first erection of columns Tai Wan, eaves columns in the 2-5 layer of long material [1] for the mountain Tai Wan modeling. This shows that the building components of Taiwan are introduced into Japan from outside with the tower building. If this component was introduced into China from China, then it would be clear that China has used Pupai in the seventh century. This paper tries to sort out the application of Pu patong in ancient Chinese architecture.