骨髓发育异常综合征(Myelodysplatic syndrome MDS)是骨髓造血细胞在质和量上发育异常,导致病态造血,而周围血表现为一系、两系或全血细胞减少为特点的一组疾病。由于血液学表现复杂多变,又缺乏特异性,因此诊断困难、争议颇大,现就有关问题综述如下: 一、MDS的命名及其发展史 1953年Blok等首次提出白血病前期(白前,Prelukemia)概念,这一名称虽被广泛采用,但并未统一。此后,有些学者又提出一些其他名称。1963年Rheinqold等提出冒烟性急性白血病(Smoulderig Acute Leukemia SAL),指出它与白前的不同点在于骨髓原始细胞增多(> Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal quality and quantity of myeloid hematopoietic cells, resulting in morbid hematopoiesis, while peripheral blood is characterized by one, two or full pancytopenia. Due to the complex and changeable hematology manifestations and the lack of specificity, it is difficult to diagnose and controversial. Therefore, the relevant issues are summarized as follows: I. Naming of MDS and Its Development History In 1953, Blok et al. First proposed leukemia (Prelukemia ) Concept, although the name is widely used, but not uniform. Since then, some scholars have proposed some other names. In 1963, Rheinqold et al. Proposed the Smoulderig Acute Leukemia SAL, pointing out that it differs from the pre-white one in that there is an increase in bone marrow blasts (>